[ { "part": "M13.1", "ch": "Which control surface is used to control an aircraft’s roll?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Ailerons", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Rudder", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Elevators", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary purpose of flaps on an aircraft wing?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To increase cruise speed", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To reduce drag", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To increase lift during takeoff and landing", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is a key characteristic of a high-lift device?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It increases drag significantly", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It is only used during cruising", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It increases lift at lower speeds", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In aerodynamics, what is the purpose of a stabilators?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To control lift", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To control pitch", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To stabilize yaw", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the function of a spoiler on an aircraft wing?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To increase lift", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To reduce drag", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To decrease lift and increase drag", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary function of an aircraft’s horizontal stabilizer?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To increase thrust", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To control lateral stability", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To maintain pitch stability", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the addition of leading-edge flaps impact an aircraft’s takeoff performance?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Decreases lift", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Reduces drag", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Increases lift", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the role of the canard in aircraft design?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To increase drag", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To improve maneuverability", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To enhance lift and stability", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which control surface is used to control an aircraft’s pitch?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Ailerons", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Rudder", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Elevators", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which control surface is used to control an aircraft’s yaw?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Ailerons", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Rudder", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Elevators", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is Mach number?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The ratio of an aircraft’s speed to the speed of sound", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The measure of lift generated", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The drag coefficient", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which of the following trailing edge flaps give an increase in wing area?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Fowler flap", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Split flap", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Slotted flap", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is a key characteristic of a high-lift device?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It increases lift at lower speeds", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It is only used during cruising", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It increases drag significantly", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which flap will increase wing area and camber?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Fowler.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Slot.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Split.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which type of airflow occurs when the airspeed exceeds the speed of sound?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Supersonic", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Transonic", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Subsonic", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does a balance tab move?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "In the opposite direction proportional to the control surface it is attached to.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "In the same direction a small amount.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "In the same direction proportional to the control surface it is attached to.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Where does the nose of aircraft move to , when its rudder deflects to the right ?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To the right", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To the left", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Center", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "When the an aileron on one wing deflects down, where does the aileron on the opposite wing deflect ?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Upward", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Downward", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Neutral", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which of the following are primary control surfaces?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Elevators, ailerons, rudder", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Roll spoilers, elevators, tabs.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Elevators, roll spoilers, tabs.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary purpose of a flight control system in an aircraft?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To control the aircraft’s altitude and direction", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To measure airspeed", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To manage fuel consumption", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary function of an aircraft’s spoiler?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To reduce lift and increase drag", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To increase fuel efficiency", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To control yaw", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the term for the phase when a helicopter descends without engine power but maintains rotational energy in the rotor?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Autorotation", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Ground effect", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Translational lift", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What type of aircraft uses rotor blades to generate lift?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Helicopter", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Glider", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Balloon", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary function of the tail rotor in a single-rotor helicopter?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Counteract the torque produced by the main rotor", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Increase lift", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Stabilize forward movement", "false" ] } ] }, { "part": "M13.2 Structures General", "ch": "In the ATA 100 zonal system, the passenger entry door belongs to zone", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "800", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "500", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "100", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "ATA Zone 200 is", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The upper fuselage", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The door", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The lower fuselage", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Wing stations are measured", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Outboard from the fuselage centreline", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Outboard from the wing root", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Inboard from the wing upper surface", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Nacelle station (NC or Nac. Sta.) is", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Measured either forward of or behind the front spar of the wing and perpendicular to a designated water line", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Measured perpendicular to the rear beam of the wing and parallel to, and outboard from, the inboard edge of the flap", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Measured outboard from, and parallel to, the inboard edge of the aileron, perpendicular to the rear beam of the wing", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How to prevent lightning strike?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Most components are bonding to make them the same potential level ellectrically", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Using the metal tube to catch the lighning strike and discharge via static wicks", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Using more antennas to collect the linghning strike and discharge via static wicks", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How many ohms of resistance are there between the mount and the airframe for current flow exist?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "0.1", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "1", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "0.01", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the function of the static discharger on the aircraft?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It reduces the radio receiver interference.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It prevents aircraft from lightning strike.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It makes the aircraft electric current stable.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "A frame station 137 means that the frame is located:", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "137 inches behind the aircraft nose.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "137 cm behind the aircraft nose.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "137 cm from the aircraft center line.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "The landing gear door belongs in zone:", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "700 - Landing gear.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "100 - Lower fuselage.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "800 - Door.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "A struss-type fuselage consists of:", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Members, longerons, and fabric.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Formers, bulkhead, and skin.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Frames, stringers, and skin.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How many stresses to which all aircraft are subjected?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Five", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Six", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Four", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "When aircraft is in-flight, the rivets on skin plates will be subject to:", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Share.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Tension.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Compression.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "The primary strcuture are", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Wings spars, frames, engine mounts,…", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Wings ribs, stringers, tie rods, …", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Farings, fillets, brackets,…", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the tertiary?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The tertiary is lightly stressed structure that is fiited to the aircraft for various reason like as fairings, fillets,…", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The tertiary is all non primary strcuture portions of the aircraft which has integral structural important.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The tertiary is any portion of the aircraft structure that, if it fail, would likely cause any of the unwanted incidents or accidents.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Shear stress is described as", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Slip away under the action of forces", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Compressing forces", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Pulling forces", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Tension is the stress of", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Elongating or stretch", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Crush or compression", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Twisting", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the torsion?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Torsion is the stress that produces twisting", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Torsion is the stress that resists a crushing force", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Torsion is a combination of compression and tension", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which of the following is secondary structure?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Stringer", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Skin", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Panel", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In semi-monocoque construction, compression loads are taken by", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Stringers", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Bulkheads", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Frames", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Most large transport aircraft skins are", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "2024", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "7075", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "5056", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In a monocoque structure, which component carries the majority of the loads?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Skin", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Longerons", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Stringers", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Skin panels may be strengthened by", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Stringers", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Cleats", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Struts", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "A pylon structural member supports the", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Engines", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Empennage", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Wings", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the bending stress?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Bending stress is a combination of compression and tension", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Bending stress is the stress on the airframe structural components caused by pressurization", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Bending stress is the stress that resists a force that tends to pull something apart", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How many type of the airframe structure in general?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Two", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Four", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "One only", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "For old light aircraft, its type of the fuselage frame is", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Truss", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Monocoque", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Semi-monocoque", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "For modern aircraft, its type of the fuselage frame is", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Semi-monocoque", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Truss", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Stringers", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "To increase the rigidity of the fuselage structure, using ...", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Beams", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Rivets", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Spaces", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Stringers are used in which of the following types of aircraft fuselage contruction?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Semi-monocoque", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Monocoque", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Truss", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How can wings, empennage and engine to attach to the fuselage?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Typically, by special pins and bolts", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Typically, by rivets and bonding", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Typically, by welding and rivets", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the purpose of pylon?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Its used to attached the engines", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Its used to attached the wings", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Its used to attached the landing-gear", "false" ] } ] }, { "part": "M13.3 ATA 22", "ch": "What does FBW stand for?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Fly-By-Wire.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fly-Below-Wind.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Follow-By-Wind.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "An automatic flight control and stabilization system:", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Significantly eases the pilot's workload and provides increased aircraft stability at all speeds.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Significantly eases the pilot's workload and only provides increased aircraft stability at high speeds.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Significantly eases the pilot's workload and only provides increased aircraft stability at low speeds.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does DFCS stand for?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Digital Flight Control System.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Data Flight Control System (DFCS).", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Dynamic Flight Control System.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In basic architecture, AFCS is generally composed of", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Three modules with the same functions.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Three modules that each is designed identically.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Only one module.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How many types can AFCS be generally categorized into?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "4", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "3", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "5", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which type of system is known as \"Hold system\"?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "AP system.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Stability Augmentation System.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Command Augmentation Systems.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Where does the control law locate?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Flight Control Computer (FCC).", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Controller stick.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Controller manipulators", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "A yaw damper control", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The rudder.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The elevator.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The aileron.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In manually controlled flight, trimming is usually?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Affected about the three axes.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Affected about the pitch axis.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Affected about the yaw axis.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Regard to flight (control) computers of automatic flight control system. Which one is NOT correct?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "They are designed for all flight envelope.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "They has a much higher reaction time than a pilot.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "They can more accurately know the state the aircraft is in.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which type of back-up system is A320 equipped?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Mechanical back-up system.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Purely electrical back-up system.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Mechanical – electrical hybrid back-up system.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which surface does the DFCS usually use to automatically maintain attitude?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Elevators and ailerons.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Rudder and ailerons.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Elevators and Rudder.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is function of flight director commands?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Providing the pilots' flight attitude commands during manual operation.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Providing the pilots' flight attitude commands during autopilot operation", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Providing the attitude commands to flight control surface.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is one of principles for designing module to avoid a common mode failure?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Each of module is designed differently.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Modules is designed identically.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Module use different electrical power sources.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Why is it said that the characteristic of the AP system is of limited authority?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The AP system can be deactivated through the movement of the control manipulator.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The AP system can be deactivated by circuit breaker.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The pilot does not need to grasp the controller stick during AP is working", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which type of system reacts continuously regardless of the motion of the controller stick?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Stability Augmentation System.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Command Augmentation Systems.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "AP system.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which following system NOT operate when the control stick is moved?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "AP system.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Command Augmentation Systems.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Stability Augmentation System.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which type of system whose circuit is closed by the motion of the AP electromotor at the controller stick?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Autopilot system.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Command Augmentation Systems.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Stability Augmentation System.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which type of system whose circuit is closed through the Flight Control Computer?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Command Augmentation Systems and Stability Augmentation System.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "AP system and Command Augmentation Systems", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "AP Systems and Stability Augmentation System.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which following system has the highest authority?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Command Augmentation Systems (CAS).", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Stability Augmentation System (SAS).", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "AP system.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Super Augmentation AFSC is typically used to create an artificial stability for?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The class of aircraft which are statically unstable", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The class of aircraft which are statically stable.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The class of aircraft which are dynamically unstable.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which is control law in which the FCC represents a multiplier or an amplifier in?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Constant Gain", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Variable Gain", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Robust Gain", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is control law in which the FCC determines the varying gain that adjusts to the most suitable model of a certain configuration?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Adaptive Gain", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Variable Gain", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Robust Gain", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which following modes is basic mode of autoflight modes?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Pitch mode and Vertical speed Hold mode", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Altitude acquisition mode and Vertical speed Hold", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Altitude acquisition mode and Pitch mode", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "ALT mode keeps the altitude of the aircraft stabilized at the moment of autopilot engagement.", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Provided the vertical speed is less than the programmed threshold.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Provided the vertical speed is greater than the programmed threshold.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Regardless of vertical speed", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "When the autopilot is in ALT mode with the ATS engaged, which Auto-throttle mode is activated?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "SPEED/MACH mode", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "TAKE OFF mode", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "LAND mode", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What happen when autopilot is in ALT mode with the ATS engaged and V/S is actived?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "SPEED/MACH mode is automatically disengaged", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "TAKE OFF mode is automatically disengaged", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Auto-throttle is disengaged", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "The autopilot is in ALT/S mode, which mode is automatically engaged if the selected altitude is modified and the capture condition is lost during the capture phase?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The V/S or ATT mode", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "LVL CH mode", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "PROFILE or VNAV mode", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "ATL/S mode is armed, when this mode become active?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Once the reference altitude is acquired and the vertical speed is within prescribed limits", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Once the moment it is selected", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Once the reference altitude is acquired and the heading is within prescribed limits", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "A yaw damper requires", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Yaw rate sensors and a processor that provides a signal to an actuator connected to the rudder.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Yaw rate sensors and a processor that provides a signal to an actuator connected to the elevator.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Yaw rate sensors and a processor that provides a signal to an actuator connected to the aileron.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How is rudder movement due to yaw damper inputs feedback to the rudder pedals?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "There is no feedback to the rudder pedals.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Mechanically.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Electrically.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Rudder position transducer supply?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Magnitude and direction of deviation of current position and center null position.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Magnitude and direction of deviation of current position and left limit position.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Magnitude and direction of deviation of current position and right limit position.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which one is used to get yaw rate?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Gyro.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Linear position transducer.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "2-position solenoid.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which following one is correct?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The Yaw Damper actuator output is summed with rudder pedal input.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The Yaw Damper actuator output override rudder pedal input.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The Yaw Damper actuator output is overridden by rudder pedal input.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is trim control typically used for?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Maintain straight and level flight.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Turn coordination.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Change heading at high rate.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How is trim control of an aircraft provided?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Primary and secondary flight control system.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Primary flight control and engine thrust control system.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Secondary flight control and engine thrust control system.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Under automatically controlled conditions trimming is generally confined to control about", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The pitch axis.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The roll axis.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The yaw axis.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Under automatically controlled conditions trimming is accomplished by?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "A variable incidence horizontal stabilizer.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Aileron trim tab system.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Rudder trim tab system.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What are ground-based elements of Instrument Landing System (Autopilot navigation aids interface)?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Localizer-transmits, Glide slope transmitter and Marker beacons.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Localizer-transmits, Glide slope transmitter and Non direction beacons.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Localizer-transmits, Glide slope transmitter and VHF omnidirectional range beacons.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is one primary limitation of automatic flight control systems (AFCS) when operating outside the flight envelope in modern aircraft?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The system is unable to correctly operate the control surfaces due to its design limitations", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Automatic flight control systems (AFCS) loses all functionality and requires immediate manual intervention", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Automatic flight control systems (AFCS) will automatically adjust and adapt to the new conditions", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In the event of multiple failures of redundant computers in Airbus A320s, what system provides limited manual control?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Mechanical back-up system for rudder and pitch trim", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fully autonomous flight mode to complete the flight", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fully electronic pitch trim and yaw damper", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which of the following is a key advantage of fly-by-wire systems over traditional mechanical control systems in high-speed supersonic aircraft?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Enhanced control surface deflection accuracy and faster system response", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Improved pilot response time due to feedback mechanisms", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Increased resistance to system malfunctions at high speeds", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary function of the yaw damper system in an AFCS?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To correct periodic yaw oscillations such as Dutch roll", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To adjust engine thrust for maintaining selected speeds", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To provide input to the flight director for manual control", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the auto-throttle system contribute to automatic flight during landing approaches?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It maintains a preselected airspeed by adjusting engine thrust levers", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It activates the yaw damper to stabilize yaw oscillations during descent", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It provides manual throttle control feedback to the pilot during descent", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which input is NOT used by the AFCS to guide the airplane and maintain stability?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Manual input from the pilot’s yoke", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Flight Management Computer (FMC)", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Radio navigation aids and Heading input", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the main reason for using three heterogeneously designed modules in an AFCS?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To prevent simultaneous failure due to a single point of failure", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To enhance communication between redundant systems during critical phases", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To increase computational efficiency for complex flight maneuvers", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the AFCS correct deviations from a commanded flight path due to atmospheric perturbations?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Through a feedback control mechanism that automatically adjusts control surfaces", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "By continuously switching between redundant control modules to maintain stability", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "By adjusting engine thrust to compensate for changes in velocity", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Why does AFCS employ modular redundancy in its design?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To ensure that a failure in one module does not disrupt overall system functionality", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To provide faster response times during high-altitude and high-speed flight", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To enhance the precision of autopilot maneuvers in complex flight conditions", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which of the following best describes the concept of \"heterogeneity\" in the context of AFCS?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It involves designing each module differently to avoid common mode failure", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It refers to the modular structure that allows for seamless integration of new components", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It refers to the use of different types of signals to improve feedback accuracy", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What distinguishes the Stability Augmentation System (SAS) from the Autopilot (AP) system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "SAS increases aircraft stability by augmenting damping ratios, whereas AP maintains flight conditions without pilot input", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "SAS works only when the pilot is moving the control stick, while AP operates continuously", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "SAS is limited to speed and altitude holds, while AP controls pitch and roll movements", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In the Command Augmentation System (CAS), how is the desired aircraft motion achieved?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "By amplifying control inputs through a hydraulically powered actuator", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "By continuously calculating the optimal flight path based on weather conditions", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "By adjusting aerodynamic surfaces directly based on pilot input", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which of the following correctly describes Super Augmentation in an AFCS?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It provides continuous artificial stability and optimizes control without pilot input", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It adjusts control surfaces based on predetermined navigation paths for fuel optimization", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It augments pilot commands by interpreting signals from flight management systems", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which type of AFCS is primarily designed to improve stability during landing approaches and low- speed configurations?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Stability Augmentation System (SAS)", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Super Augmentation Flight Control System", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Command Augmentation System (CAS)", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the SAS improve aircraft dynamics?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "By dampening oscillations in pitch, roll, and yaw channels through feedback control", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "By optimizing the aircraft’s trim to match changing atmospheric conditions", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "By automatically compensating for airspeed and altitude deviations", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which of the following statements best explains the Command Augmentation System (CAS)?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It optimizes control input to the aerodynamic surfaces based on flight dynamics", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It prioritizes pilot commands and automatically reduces control surface deflections", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It reacts only to yaw movements and optimizes directional stability", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In which of the following situations is Super Augmentation critical for flight control?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "When controlling an aircraft that is statically unstable", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "During normal cruise conditions in stable weather", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "When flying at supersonic speeds in a stable aircraft", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary advantage of a Closed Loop System in the context of an AFCS?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It enables continuous feedback between flight control inputs and aircraft sensors", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It eliminates the need for redundant systems by relying on a single control path", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It ensures that manual inputs are prioritized over autopilot commands", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What primary function does the elevator deflection command serve in the pitch mode?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To maintain pitch attitude by adjusting the elevator based on attitude differences", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To control flap extension and compensate for aerodynamic drag", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To modify the yaw rate based on bank angle and turn rate", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the role of the Control Wheel Steering (CWS) in pitch mode?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It allows the pilot to modify the reference attitude without disengaging the autopilot", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It resets all pitch control commands when the pitch control wheel is moved", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It maintains the selected pitch attitude by compensating for wind variations in pitch mode", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does autopilot synchronization with the pilot prevent sudden control movements during engagement?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "By setting the control unit’s deflection to zero at the moment of engagement", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "By temporarily disconnecting the elevator channel until manual input is restored", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "By overriding all control inputs from the pilot until the system stabilizes", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the purpose of the synchronization loop in the power loop?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It uses an integrator to minimize deflection deviations in the elevator", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It ensures that the autopilot continuously overrides any manual pitch inputs", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It synchronizes control movements with pitch rate fluctuations", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What determines the commanded attitude in the vertical speed hold mode (V/S) of the longitudinal autopilot?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The difference between selected and actual vertical speeds", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The aircraft's altitude at engagement", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The current airspeed and the bank angle during turns", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In systems with flight level change modes, when is the V/S mode most effectively used?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "For smaller level changes", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "During rapid altitude gains", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "When transitioning between different flight levels", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Under what condition does the altitude hold mode (ALT HLD) stabilize the aircraft's altitude at autopilot engagement?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "When vertical speed is below the programmed threshold", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "When the aircraft is in cruise configuration and the autopilot first engages", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "During a gradual ascent or descent", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does a change in speed, weight, or thrust affect during altitude hold mode?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It varies the commanded attitude to maintain altitude", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It directly alters the autopilot engagement time", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It has no effect on the altitude hold function", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "When does the altitude acquisition mode (ALT ACQ) become active?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Once the reference altitude is acquired", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "When the pilot selects a new altitude", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "During the initial engagement of the autopilot", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Under what condition does the altitude hold mode re-engage after the ALT ACQ mode has been active?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "When altitude deviation is lower than the set threshold", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "During any change in vertical speed", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "When the pilot overrides the system", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the yaw damper system generate a command to the rudder?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "By processing the yaw rate signal", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "By directly adjusting the pilot's rudder inputs", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "By using a manual control from the cockpit", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary function of the Yaw Damper coupler in an aircraft?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To provide rudder deflection commands for yaw axis movement", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To stabilize the aircraft's pitch during maneuvers", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To enhance engine performance during takeoff", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the role of the Yaw Damper engage switch in the aircraft's control system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To activate the Yaw Damper system by placing it in operating mode", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To control the aircraft's pitch and roll angles during flight", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To disengage the autopilot during emergencies and to monitor yaw rates for stability", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does the Yaw Damper warning annunciator indicate in an aircraft's control system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "That the Yaw Damper system is not engaged in the operating mode", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "That the aircraft is in a stable flight condition when the autopilot system is disengaged", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "That the aircraft is exceeding safe yaw limits", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary function of the rudder position indicator in the Yaw Damper system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To display rudder movement induced by Yaw Damper commands", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To show the aircraft's yaw rate", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To provide feedback on pilot inputs to the rudder", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the output signal of the linear position transducer vary in relation to the rudder's position?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It varies directly with the length of the input stroke", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It inversely correlates with the rudder position", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It only changes when the rudder exceeds a specific angle", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the transfer valve in the Yaw Damper system operate with respect to hydraulic flow?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It converts electrical signals into hydraulic flow", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It controls rudder deflection by increasing pressure", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It solely functions as a feedback mechanism for the rudder", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What happens to the YAW DAMPER light when the yaw damper is successfully engaged?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It extinguishes two seconds after being turned ON", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It remains illuminated until the aircraft lands", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It blinks intermittently during operation", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the Yaw Damper actuator affect the movement of the rudder during operation?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It combines with the rudder pedal input to control rudder movement", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It operates independently of the rudder pedal input", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It provides direct mechanical feedback to the rudder pedals", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary purpose of incorporating a Stability Augmentation System (SAS) in helicopters?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To stabilize the helicopter during flight and reduce pilot workload", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To provide automated navigation without pilot input", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To enhance the speed of the helicopter during cross-country flights", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which component of the SAS provides attitude signals to the Flight Control Computer (FCC)?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Attitude Gyro", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Roll Servo", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Flight Control Computer", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the role of the servos within the SAS installation?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To provide feedback to the FCC for altitude calculations", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To control the pitch and roll axes through electromagnetic clutches", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To measure the helicopter's speed and altitude", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What are the two primary functions of the Helicopter Stability Augmentation System (SAS)?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Stability aid and autopilot outer loop control modes", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Engine power enhancement and altitude adjustment", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Pilot workload increase and navigation correction", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What must a pilot be prepared for when the SAS is engaged, due to the unstable nature of helicopters?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To manually control the cyclic at any moment", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To navigate using only visual references", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To completely rely on the SAS for flight control", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary purpose of trimming an aircraft during flight?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To relieve constant control pressure on the pilot", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To increase engine power and redue workload for pilots", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To enhance aerodynamic efficiency", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How is trimming primarily achieved in most aircraft equipped with an elevator trim tab system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "By a separate trim servo-actuator coupled to the elevator trim tab", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "By modifying the rudder position", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "By using a variable incidence horizontal stabilizer", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What type of motor is used in the automatic stabilizer trim system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "A three-phase, dual-speed, dual-winding motor", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "A single-phase AC, dual-speed, stepper motor", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "A DC brushless, dual-winding, single-phase AC motor", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which component is mechanically connected to the stabilizer to change the threshold levels for trim motor operation?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "A trim potentiometer", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "A pitch control sensor", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "An elevator feel and centering unit", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What role does the neutral shift sensor play in the stabilizer trim system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It supplies feedback signals as the stabilizer takes a new trim position", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It is used to adjust the elevator control surface position", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It activates the limit switches to provide power to the trim motor", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the function of the limit switches in the trim signal circuits?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To disengage the nose up and nose down relays in case of limit exceedance", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To energize the trim motor and limit motor's speed for continuous operation", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To monitor the speed of the trim motor", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which element of the ILS ground system provides vertical guidance to the approaching aircraft?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Glide path transmitter", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Localizer transmitter", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "ILS receiver unit", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What component onboard the aircraft is responsible for receiving azimuth approach information from the ILS?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Localizer signal receiving antenna", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Glide path signal receiving antenna", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Marker beacon antenna and receiver", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the ILS receiver indicate that the aircraft is aligned with the runway centerline?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Both 90Hz and 150Hz signals are received at equal strength", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The ILS receiver ignores frequency differences", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Only 150Hz signal is received", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the role of the 90Hz and 150Hz signals in the localizer element?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "90Hz for left deviation, 150Hz for right deviation", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Both signals overlap perfectly", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "150Hz is for altitude, 90Hz is for distance", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What frequency range does the glide path transmitter operate within?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "329.3 to 335.0 MHz", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "108.0 to 112.0 MHz", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "335.5 to 340.0 MHz", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which guidance system provides vertical alignment during an approach?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Glide path", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Localizer", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Marker beacons", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "A full-scale deflection of the glide path pointer corresponds to how many degrees of deviation from the beam centerline?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "0.5°", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "1°", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "1.5°", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the modulation frequency of the signal transmitted by the outer marker beacon?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "400 Hz", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "1300 Hz", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "3000 Hz", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How is the inner marker beacon's signal coded in terms of dots and dashes?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Alternating dots and dashes", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Continuous dashes as outer marker beacon", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Two dashes per second", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What primary function does the auto-throttle system perform when an AFCS mode is controlling airspeed?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Controls engine thrust to a specific value", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Controls vertical descent", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Maintains engine temperature", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the auto-throttle system maintain airspeed when the AFCS mode is controlling the vertical path of the aircraft?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Through thrust control", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "By adjusting the aircraft's pitch", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "By controlling the flap position", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What system provides essential data to the auto-throttle for speed control during flight?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Flight management computer system (FMCS)", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Flight control computer system", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Ground proximity warning system (GPWS)", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Over which phases of flight is the auto-throttle system designed to operate?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "From take-off to touchdown", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "From taxiing to take-off", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "During descent and landing", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the optimal sinking speed during touchdown in an automatic landing system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "1-2 feet per second", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "3-4 feet per second", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "5-6 feet per second", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How is the speed at touchdown typically reduced from the approach margin?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "By progressive reduction of engine power", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "By deploying flaps and ground spoilers early", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "By altering vertical path control", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Why is the approach and landing maneuver considered the most difficult for a pilot?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It requires simultaneous control of all three axes", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It requires maximum fuel efficiency", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It involves rapid weather changes", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Why is automatic control particularly suitable for approach and landing maneuvers?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Control is required only for a short period", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It minimizes pilot workload over long distances", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It simplifies the takeoff procedure", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the primary challenge in designing automatic landing systems?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Achieving the highest integrity and reliability", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Minimizing fuel consumption and reducing takeoff time", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Enhancing passenger comfort in all weather conditions", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What allows the pilot to take over during critical conditions in an automatic landing system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Monitoring information on approach and landing progress", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "autopilot authority in enhanced flight control system", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Automatic emergency landing procedures", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the runway visual range (RVR) used for in low visibility operations?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It represents the range at which high-intensity lights can be seen along the runway.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It shows the distance between runway lights and use multiple colored lights.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It measures wind speed at the runway threshold and indicates it during denscent.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What must a pilot do if adequate visual reference has not been established by the decision height?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Initiate a go-around maneuver", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Land using autopilot assistance", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Use alternative visual landing aids", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Why is the term 'all weather operations' often misunderstood?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It falsely suggests no weather limitations for landing.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It implies aircraft can land in any wind condition.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It only applies to Category 3 operations.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the key distinction of Category 3C landing operations compared to other categories?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It requires no external visual reference for landing.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It allows landing in the heaviest rain conditions.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It requires manual throttle adjustment.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does the decision height in automatic landing systems signify?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The altitude at which a go-around must be initiated.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The height of the aircraft at which it levels off.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The minimum altitude for landing without assistance.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How is the auto-throttle system primarily controlled during operation?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Through the mode control panel (MCP) of the AFCS", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Via pilot input on the yoke", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Through visual indicators on the HUD", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "In what primary modes does the auto-throttle system operate, as indicated on the mode control panel?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Take-off and speed control mode", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Idle and maximum thrust mode", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Approach and landing mode", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What initiates the take-off mode in an auto-throttle system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Engaging the FMCS to provide N1 limits and targets", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Pressing the TOGA switches on the thrust levers", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Moving the MCP to the OFF position", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the auto-throttle system maintain control after take-off in case of an engine failure during the initial climb?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It prevents reconnection of throttle systems until reaching 400 feet", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It automatically increases thrust to maximum or engages a backup manual throttle system", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It relies solely on pilot input for thrust control", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which component activates timers to restore power to the servo-actuator systems after lift-off?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The micro switches on the main landing gear struts", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The FMCS monitoring system", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The TOGA switch assembly", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How is the target speed set and displayed in speed control mode?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It is displayed as 'MCP SPD' on the MCP", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It is calculated by the pilot manually", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It is provided solely by the air data computers", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What happens to the thrust levers when the auto-throttle system is in the descent phase under V NAV control?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "They are retarded to idle at a nominal rate of two degrees/second", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "They advance automatically to maintain altitude", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "They are fully retracted immediately when maximum thrust is reached", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What determines the approach gain of the auto-throttle system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Glide slope capture or radio altitude", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Pilot's input on the throttle", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Engine performance parameters", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What occurs when the TOGA switch is initially engaged in go-around mode?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The throttles advance to a predicted reduced go-around thrust angle", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The aircraft enters a descent mode and the engines shut down completely", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The pitch and roll channel are disengaged", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does the go-around mode interact with the AFCS during activation?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It generates a pitch-up command for climb attitude", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It disables all automatic controls", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It adjusts the thrust levers to idle to maintain the current altitude", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is a potential consequence of a safety device set to a compromise during automatic landing?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Height loss under 'runaway conditions'", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Increased fuel efficiency", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Improved passenger comfort", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which of the following best describes the term \"fail-soft\"?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "A system that withstands a failure without endangering safety", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "A system that completely shuts down to save power", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "A system that requires pilot intervention", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How does a \"multiplex\" system differ from a \"simplex\" system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "It includes two or more independently functioning systems", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "It operates without any redundancy", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "It requires only one system to function", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What happens in a \"triplex\" system if one of the systems fails?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The remaining systems continue to control the aircraft", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The aircraft enters a safe mode with operational limits", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Control is handed over to the pilot", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which term refers to a system comprising two systems in parallel with separate power supplies?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Duplicate-monitored", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Dual-dual", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fail-soft", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the function of a \"comparison monitor\" or comparator?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "To operate on data from comparable stages in multiple systems", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "To control the overall system and monitor pilot inputs", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "To enhance system redundancy to minimize risks", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does 'LAND 2' status indicate regarding the flight control systems during an automatic landing?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Dual redundancy of engaged systems", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Single point of failure", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "No redundancy present", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What command does the auto-throttle system receive approximately 5 feet gear altitude before touchdown?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Throttle retard command signal", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Full thrust command signal and flaps extension command", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Idle thrust command signal", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Auto-throttle system is designed to operate primarily in conjunction with an AFCS to maintain?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "An aircraft's speed and vertical path.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "An aircraft's heading and vertical path.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "An aircraft's speed and heading.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is sequence to achieve a safe landing?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Contact with ground, Landing flare and Actual landing", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Landing flare, Contact with ground and Actual landing.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Landing flare, Actual landing and Contact with ground.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the most difficult one demanded of the pilot?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The approach and landing maneuver.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The take off and landing maneuver.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The approach and take off maneuver.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Weather minima are specified by the national licensing authorities", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "For various types of aircraft, and for various airports.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "For various types of aircraft, and for various airlines.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "For various airports, and for various airlines.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is decision heigh?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "the wheel height above the runway threshold by which a go-round must be initiated by the pilot", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "the altitude by which a decent must be initiated", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "the altitude by which an approach must be initiated", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which category do not require a minima of decision height?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Category 3.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Category 2.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Category 1.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What are basic operation mode of Auto-throttle system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Take-off and Speed control mode.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Heading select and Speed control mode.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Take-off and Heading select mode.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is alternate terms of fail-soft?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Fail - passive.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fail active and fail survival.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fail - operational.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is alternate terms of fail-operational?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Fail active and fail survival.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fail - passive.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Non-redundant", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Which system does an auto-throttle system operate primarily in conjunction with?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "AFCS and FMCS.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "ILS and FMCS.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "AFCS and ILS.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Auto-throttle maintain a specific value of thrust, in terms of", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Either rotational speed (N1) or engine pressure ratio (EPR).", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Either exhaust temperate or engine pressure ratio (EPR).", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Either rotational speed (N1) or exhaust temperate.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "Auto-throttle maintain?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "A specific value of thrust or a target airspeed.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "A specific value of thrust or a target altitude.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "A specific value of thrust or a target heading.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "When does the pilot may continue to descend for landing?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "The traffic controller advises that RVR is above the specified minimum.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "The traffic controller advises that RVR is below the specified minimum.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "The traffic controller advises that RVR is above decision heigh.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "If vertical navigation (V-NAV) control is selected for AFCS operation, the speed target is", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Provided by the flight management computer.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Set on the Mode Control Panel of the AFCS.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Provided by the AFCS.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is fail-operational automatic landing system?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "A system in which one failure (sometimes more) can occur, but leaves the overall system still functioning, and without causing degradation of performance.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "A system allows the pilot to assume control after a failure with no significant deviation, but the landing is not completed automatically.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "A system uses a primary fail-passive system and secondary guidance to allow the pilot to manually land after primary failure.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "LAND 2' status is involve", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Fail passive operation.", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fail operational.", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fail safe operation.", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does a radar beacon transponder provide to ATC?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Identification and location of an aircraft", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Weather data and Engine status", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Aircraft status and Identification code", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What additional data does a transponder provide if equipped with an altitude encoder?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Pressure altitude", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "True altitude", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "GPS coordinates", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "How many discrete octal codes can be selected on a transponder?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "4096", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "1024", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "2048", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What frequency does the ground station use to interrogate the transponder?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "1030 MHz", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "1090 MHz", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "121.5 MHz", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What frequency does the transponder use to reply to ATC?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "1090 MHz", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "1030 MHz", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "406 MHz", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the function of the IDENT button on the transponder?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Highlights the aircraft's target symbol on radar", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Sends emergency signal (Code 7700) to the ATC", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Activates voice communication and automatically send the aircraft's identification code", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What must be selected on the transponder to transmit altitude data?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "ALT or Mode C", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "STBY", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "IDENT", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "From where does the transponder obtain pressure altitude data?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Altitude encoder", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Pitot-static system", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "GPS receiver", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What type of radar uses reflected radio waves to detect aircraft?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR)", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR)", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Doppler Radar", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What type of radar uses transponder replies to determine aircraft position and altitude?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR)", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Primary Surveillance Radar (PSR)", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Weather Radar", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does ADS-B stand for?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Advanced Data Surveillance Beacon", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Aircraft Data Signal Broadcast", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What are the two segments of ADS-B?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "ADS-B OUT and ADS-B IN", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "ADS-B A and ADS-B B", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "ADS-B 1 and ADS-B 2", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does ADS-B OUT transmit?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Position", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "altitude", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "velocity", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the purpose of ADS-B IN?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Receives data from other aircraft and ground stations", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Transmits engine status", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Controls autopilot", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What frequency is used by the 1090ES protocol in ADS-B?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "1090 MHz", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "978 MHz", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "1030 MHz", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What device is used for ADS-B broadcasts at 978 MHz?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Universal Access Transceiver (UAT)", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Mode C transponder", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "VHF radio", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What type of antenna is used for ADS-B broadcasts?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Omni-directional antenna", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Directional antenna", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Satellite dish", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What system does ADS-B rely on for positioning data?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "GPS", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "INS", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "VOR", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is one major benefit of ADS-B over traditional radar?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "More accurate and real-time data", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Lower cost of aircraft", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Eliminates need for transponders", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does ADS-B improve in air traffic control?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Collision avoidance and traffic separation", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fuel efficiency", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Cabin pressure control", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does ADS-B IN provide that TCAS does not?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Runway incursion alerts", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Engine performance data", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Cabin temperature", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is TIS-B in the context of ADS-B?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Traffic Information Services-Broadcast", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Transponder Identification Signal", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Terrain Information System", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is FIS-B in ADS-B systems?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Flight Information Services-Broadcast", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fuel Indicator System", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Flight Instrument Synchronizer", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What kind of data does FIS-B provide?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Weather", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "ATIS", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "NOTAMs", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the main advantage of 978 MHz UAT for general aviation?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Broadband capability", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Higher power output", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Compatibility with HF radios", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does ADS-B OUT combine with flight status information?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "GPS positioning data", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "VOR signals", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "INS data", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does ADS-B IN allow pilots to see?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Other aircraft and traffic data", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fuel consumption", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Cabin pressure", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is a key feature of ADS-B for surface operations?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Runway incursion alerts", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Taxi speed control", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Gate assignment", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the role of ground stations in ADS-B?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Share aircraft data across the network", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Control aircraft speed", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Monitor fuel levels", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the benefit of ADS-B in remote areas?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Coverage without radar", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Faster engine start", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Better cabin lighting", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does 1090ES stand for?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "1090 MHz Extended Squitter", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "1090 MHz Emergency Signal", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "1090 MHz Electronic Surveillance", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the main use of ADS-B in Class A airspace?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Collision avoidance and surveillance", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Weather monitoring", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Fuel tracking", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does ADS-B IN enhance compared to TCAS?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Situational awareness", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Engine diagnostics", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Cabin temperature control", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is required for ADS-B OUT to function?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "GPS receiver", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "VOR receiver", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "HF radio", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does ADS-B allow in terms of aircraft separation?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Closer and safer spacing", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Elimination of ATC", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Manual spacing", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is one of the reasons that ADS-B is replacing radar?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Lower infrastructure cost", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Higher fuel efficiency", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Better cabin comfort", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What does ADS-B broadcast include besides position?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Altitude", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "velocity", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "and time", "false" ] } ] }, { "ch": "What is the role of the ADS-B ground network?", "ansGr": [ { "ans": [ "Distribute aircraft data to ATC", "true" ] }, { "ans": [ "Control aircraft hydraulics", "false" ] }, { "ans": [ "Monitor cabin pressure", "false" ] } ] } ]